

Homicide detectives have lots of evidence to work with, and they’re all reasonably fresh.
The case of Ötzi (the iceman) is really tricky to solve, since there’s very little evidence to work with. We know what happened to him, but everything else about the case is a subject of much speculation. I would argue that solving the origin of life is even harder to solve.
There are definitely many similarities, and the basic principle is the same.
You use evidence to rule out possibilities, and adjust the probabilities of anything remaining on your list. You may be left with just a few options, and you might be able to test them, to narrow it down even further. Hopefully, that’s enough to come to some conclusions.