A pair of radar experts at Swedish Defense Research working with a meteorologist from the Swedish Meteorological and Hydrological Institute has found evidence suggesting that the reason the Ukrainian military was able to spot and sink a distant Russian missile cruiser during the early part of the Ukraine war was due to a unique weather phenomenon.
Fun fact: these natural phenomenon meddle quite a bit with the measured direction of the reflection. Fortunately only with the elevation part. But if you know you are looking at a ship, it is quite safe to assume an elevation that puts the ship at sea level.
But the same can happen with aircraft. There the problem can be more troublesome if not accounted for.