When discussing Soviet space history we mostly talk about the R-7 (Sputnik, Vostok, Molniya, Soyuz) and Proton rockets, but there were a bunch of other rockets developed primarily in what is now Ukraine, many of these were derived from ballistic missiles.

And because many important Soviet ballistic missiles - the R-12, R-14, R16 & R36 were developed at OKB-586 in Dnipro these ended up in Ukraine after the break up of the USSR