I was just accessing some files off a portable HDD and my power went out due to a storm. When it came back on, my HDD wouldn’t mount anymore. I booted into my Windows partition and had it scan and repair the drive, and thankfully it works again.
But I’m wondering–did I have to boot into Windows for that? Does Linux have any such utility?
fsck is probably what you’re looking for.
It may be important for OP’s dual-boot setup to note that Windows should be used to check an NTFS filesystem.