Black 100 trades in war literature; soldiers’ firsthand accounts glorifying Russia’s invasion of Ukraine, weapons training manuals, and books steeped in pro-war ideology. From Canada to Australia, and even within London libraries, Black 100 claims its books are sold worldwide.

Some titles are sold openly on Amazon and have been distributed globally, including to readers in the UK. Behind the sales is a US-based intermediary—a former US Army sergeant using an alias—who enables sanction evasion to fund Russia’s army and draws on his US network to advance Moscow’s interests abroad.